The city of London breathed in the heat of summer, 1858. But it was not merely the sun that parched the metropolis. An even more unpleasant force infested its very heart: the River Thames. Years of industrial discharges had transformed London's lifeblood into a nauseating odor. The stench was all-consuming, a miasma that clung to every cobblestone

The Rosetta Stone, a monumental artifact discovered in 1799, has served as a key to understanding the cryptic hieroglyphs of ancient Egyptian civilization. This remarkable slab, inscribed with the same decree in three different scripts—hieroglyphic, Demotic, and Greek—provided the crucial link essential for deciphering the long-lost language of